Philip II of Spain - Search
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  1. Died13 September 1598 (aged 71) · El Escorial, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Crown of Castile
    SpousesMaria Manuela of Portugal · (m. 1543; died · 1545) · Mary I of England · (m. · 1554; died · 1558) · Elisabeth of Valois · (m. 1559; died · 1568) · Anna of Austria · (m. · 1570; died · 1580)
    Domestic policy

    After living in the Netherlands in the early years of his reign, Philip II decided to return to Castile. Although sometimes described as an absolute monarch, Philip faced many constitutional constraints on his authority, influenced … See more

    Economy

    Charles V had left his son Philip with a debt of about 36 million ducats and an annual deficit of 1 million ducats. This debt caused Philip II to default on loans in 1557, 1560, 1575, and 1596 (including debt to Poland, known as … See more

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